Film Studies CINEMATOGRAPHY

1. What is Cinematography?
 Cinematography is the making of lighting and camera choices when recording photographic images for the cinema. It is closely related to the art of still photography. Many additional issues arise when both the camera and elements of the scene may be in motion, though this also greatly increases the creative possibilities of the process.
2. 3 Different shot sizes
A shot size is the size of an object or person that they want to see for example a close up would want to show all features of a person's face nose, facial hair etc, another example is a medium shot this is where you can see whats going on but not as detailed as a close up. In addition one final example is a long shot this is where it helps to show everything around you this is oerfect for horror films to show loneliness.
This is an exampole of a close up
This is an example of a medium shot size you cant clearly see everything on his face
This is an example of a long shot
3. Camera Angle
There are mainly two types of camera angle, low camera angle and a high camera angle. For a low angle shot shot the camera is positioned on the floor looking upwards or tilted and the effedt created is to make things look bigger than what they are.
Example of a low angle shot
Example of a high angle shot- makes the subject look weak or vulnerable
4. Movement
The camera moves in many ways 4 types are pedding, panning, tracking and crabbing. The difference between pedding and panning is that panning is the horizontal movement of the camera whereas pedding is vertical movement. Whereas the difference between tracking and crabbing is the fact that tracking follows the subject whereas crabbing moves left or right like a crab following the subject.
5. Composition

A rule of thirds is where the camera discourages the subject at the centre and makes you look at other parts of the frame. It is a preferred method to composing shots because like I said it discourages the subject so it doesnt make it look its all about the main actor etc.
6. Positioning
There are two types of positioning, subjective and objective positioning. The difference between the two is subjective positioning shows the subject and blurs everything in the background whereas objective shows everything. The film Let The Right One In effectively uses subjective positioning, an example is when the man witnesses jockes death it clearly shows only his facial expressions and blurs out everything else. It is effective because it shows that he couldn't do anything about it the balcony shows he is barricaded and could not intervene.